Doings of Learned Stupidities

(Eruditarum Stultitiarum Acta) We've been doing this for more than five years, but we lost the first year or so of archives. Frightening...

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Location: Laodicea, Ionia

Tuesday, September 30, 2003

More Classes

Core Bio: When I started drawing parallels between the initial lecture in this class and oh, Aristotle's Metaphysics , I knew that I might not like this course. Indeed, everyone to whom I spoke suggested that I would hate it. The lecturer seemed not to understand that there were a few physical sciences concentrators who had never taken AP Bio. She assumed that she was in a sea of humanities and economics concentrators. However, she seemed very nice, and the lectures could have been interesting, but the other elements of the course seemed less appealing. Fortunately, she administered a placement test, and I placed out of Core Bio. I just contacted my advisor to understand the impact of this on my curriculum, but if all goes well, I should be taking an ecology course by Thursday. If that doesn't work out, I may be shopping for some very strange courses. Any suggestions?

Drama: I love it. After I finish this, I have to write two pages on how to stage a particular scene that arose out of one of our exercises today. Better yet, the two plays we're reading are Othello and one based on a few of Zora Neale Hurston's short stories! And I get to write a dramaturgical essay and design costumes.

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Monday, September 29, 2003

Classes Begin

And I'm done for the day, except that I have a rather lengthy course of reading and writing that I have arranged for myself during the course of the day.
My two classes were:

Introduction to Mineralogy: This looks fun. Well, not quite. But it looks more fun than I thought when I signed up for the course. Provided I don't screw up the lab and complete the voluminous amounts of work, I should be fine. The lecture today was on mineralogical history: something every Penn archivist should learn a few tidbits about. The class is made up of the usual suspects, and I like the usual suspects. Hopefully, I'll have time for Geounion meetings.

Physics and Chemistry of the Atmosphere: I'm the youngest person in the class. There are two fourth years who were complaining about their jobs in air-conditioned offices, doing data analysis or climate modeling. I was rather jealous. The other two are graduate students, which did not become clear until they described their research interests in terms of what particular professors in the department do. Fortunately, the lecture was all review today, and I understood the review and could have given the lecture. It should be fine. And I recruited another person for the NCWFC (one of my classmates. Another of my classmates is already doing it.) Now if only Core Bio and Drama could go so well.

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Saturday, September 27, 2003

Waterspouts Possible Over Lake Michigan Today

If I remember correctly, cold weather funnels / waterspouts usually form just after a frontal passage when the airmass aloft is relatively cool compared to the airmass at the surface. The sky clears after the frontal passage, leading to sunny weather that heats the air to its greatest potential temperature and evaporates water. Showers and isolated thunderstorms form. Over water, where friction is less, the vertical thermal gradient forces air upward while the gradient between air and land produces some horizontal motion. If those two motions continue, the Coriolis, I think, produces enough deflection for the necessary spin to make the waterspout.
The National Weather Service Forecast Office in Chicago thinks the right conditions might fall in place today. So keep watching the Lake. On the other hand, the showers are going to make the viewing tricky from the John Hancock.

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Friday, September 26, 2003

Fascinating Interview

I think she may be in denial about her ex-husband and paranoid about Falwell, but I do admire anyone who reached out to AIDS patients in the 1980s, especially someone with her background. Note that her version of the Book of Isaiah mentions Jesus by name. (She meant Thessalonians. Amy Reiter apparently didn't pick that up.)

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New Decks of Cards
Yesterday, I read about a new deck of cards depicting American leaders that is being sold in Russia ahead of Bush's visit here. They are very beautiful Russian style cards that remind of the famous Tehran Conference mural in which Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchil, and Chiang Kaishek are depicted hunting down Tojo, Hitler, and Mussolini. (Why doesn't anyone ever talk about Tojo anymore? Perhaps, the Japanese don't want to remember their relationship with the Nazis or their deeds in China?) In sum: Fun Russian kitsch

A new deck also emerges from some leftist French broadsheet. The theme here: Bush and his cronies knew about September 11. Indeed, they helped. It's never said openly, but mentioning, for instance, that Bush was director of an oil company owned by one of Osama's many brothers is the kind of innuendo that pervades this deck. BS. They accuse Warren Buffett of complicity. Come on. Warren Buffett wouldn't risk destabilizing the American economy and major interruption to trading in order to allow Bush to push his tax initiatives or "open markets." Really, someone like Buffett needs markets such as Afghanistan? Moreover, he's a Democrat. Moreover, he was the second richest man of America before 11 September 2001. If I want someone to make serious accusations against the Administration, I'll read Ted Rall, who at least uses reason and checks facts better than R eseau Voltaire. In sum: Good for laughter

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Thursday, September 25, 2003

National Collegiate Weather Forecasting Contest
I finally am ready to enter Chicago in the NCWFC this year, after two years of wishing that high school would be over already (ha, ha) and two years of computer tinkering, I have managed to reduce my own investment in time to about 45 minutes per day. My notice to the GeoUnion listhost was posted today, and so far, two people have expressed interest. Chicago just might gain a full team. The paleontologists and the solid earth types will still make fun of us, though.

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Wednesday, September 24, 2003

At Issue
Is the downloading of broadcast network television shows that have been already aired from the Internet for personal viewing covered under fair use?

Feel free to comment.

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Tuesday, September 23, 2003

Adiaphora Aren't Us or Didn't We Have Something Called the Council of Trent?

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Bored, So Bored
I know I'm nuts, but I think this job I have doesn't have too much work. And I'm looking for it, too. Fortunately, I'm not really getting paid, so I don't feel like I'm stealing from anyone. Still. Classes start in six days!

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Sunday, September 21, 2003

Viva, Italia

One of the recent entries on Hurricane Isabel was quoted in the September 18th issue of Corriere della Sera (at least in the online edition, though I suspect it was in print as well). I'm more of a La Reppublica fan, but I'm very happy to see my pseudonym in print. Some 160 people linked to the blog from Corriere's site, giving you some idea how many read my work in the print edition.

For those who are interested, here's a translation of the section that talks about me (hopefully, protected under fair use.)

"And some searched for some means of exorcizing their fear through the imposition of science. Caelius writes, 'I have looked at the observations on Isabel all morning. It is a most unique hurricane with winds of irregular force. And though the meteorologists say that the danger due to Isabel has diminished, I would not be surprised to hear about wind gusts reaching a velocity of 180 kph. Pay attention when you are on the road."

Strictly, that's a paraphrase, and a misleading one at that. Check ESA(20030918.1) to read the original English. For instance, "And though the meteorologists say..." doesn't appear. But I'm just happy to have been mentioned.

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Parents
They're still here. Theoretically, they were supposed to leave yesterday afternoon or at least by dinner time.

universitates non dumque agunt in loco parentis
ergo parentes extra locum universitates agunt


I.e., The universities no longer act in place of parents,
therefore they drive the parents outside of the dorm.

Read the second line as some sort of Spanglish Latin concoction and there's a very funny joke in there, I assure you.

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Thursday, September 18, 2003

Isabel

I have been checking observations up and down the east coast this morning, and I have discovered that Isabel has a very irregular wind field. For instance, squally winds began to reach Philadelphia about 6 AM, although no rain bands have actually reached the area. Isabel once was a very strong hurricane, and there might be pockets of energy within it that were not utilized in its structural change earlier this week. For those inland, this is somewhat worrisome, because it means one's weather could deteriorate quickly and unexpectedly, especially in the Appalachians. Hurricane hunter aircraft have been reporting for the last 72 hours that there are very strong winds in Isabel that have as yet not mixed to the ground. I would not be surprised to hear about hurricane even 100 mph plus wind gusts in West Virginia and the piedmont of Virginia this evening and overnight. Hence, if you're out and about inland, winds are still a concern. Fortunately, most National Weather Service offices are cognizant of this and have made wind forecasts that would normally be generous. Additionally, any location that is entering the east side of this system, as parts of southeastern Virginia are doing at the moment, might experience a surprisingly stronger wind field than they received on the front side. Isabel's weakening phase and change of structure over the last four days concentrated much of its convection and organization on its east side, as is typical in weakening hurricanes.

Miscellaneous

I'm in Chicago and having a very good time. I would like to warn my Chicago friends that deworming and patching vulnerable computers has become urgent and serious business here. If you are bringing your computer to school, please take the time to get the patches from Microsoft, while you're still at home. It will save you time and effort when you run the deworming software here. Remember, you should under no circumstances connect to the network without installing deworming software.

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Tuesday, September 16, 2003

Yes, I'm a Braggart

Just wanted to say that I watched Jon Nese, the Weather Channel's tropical expert discourse on Isabel's weakening. His explanation was nearly identical to the one proposed in ESA(20030915.1). I actually know Jon from my and his days at the Franklin Institute and a very brief e-mail correspondence. He always enjoyed being in front of a camera. I think he's a fine replacement for John Hope, but I do miss John.

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And From The City Gray, A City White Shall Rise...
Today, I return to Chicago with joy and expectation.

Isabel
Isabel is in the midst of rapid de-intensification. Its structure has badly disintegrated. It has no visible eye on the infrared satellite picture. However, some deep convection remains tenaciously clinging to the center of circulation even in the midst of the wind shear that is destroying it. Isabel therefore will likely remain a hurricane until landfall. There is even some chance that it might strengthen after its latest round of weakening. Currently, the NHC still classifies it as a major hurricane with winds of 115 mph (minimum central pressure 956 mb). It is located about 445 km NNE of Nassau in the Bahamas.

The models have trended towards the southern solution during the last 48 hours. I can't ignore their wisdom anymore. The NHC seems to have been right about certain model initialization issues, and the models once corrected, came into better agreement. While models have been known to shift as hurricanes approach the coast and the models have been known to be wrong, I now expect Isabel to make landfall in 78 hours near the Virginia/ North Carolina border as a weak (maximum sustained winds 85 mph, minimum central pressure 973 mb). I'll be busy today, so please, if you weren't doing this before, refer to the National Hurricane Center and your local National Weather Service office (go to www.weather.gov and click on your house (ha, ha) on the national map) for further information.

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Monday, September 15, 2003

Isabel Weakens

Isabel is weakening and Isabel will likely continue to weaken for at least twelve hours more. The National Hurricane Center has blamed its usual culprit: unfavorable eyewall thermodynamics. I have a different theory. A hurricane is basically a well-organized cluster of thunderstorms that seeks to keep its center of circulation symmetric within a globule of deep convection. Isabel has been doing this beautifully for several days. However, in order to sustain the thunderstorms, Isabel requires a convectively favorable environment not only near its center of circulation but within its outflow. Satellite pictures show signs of impeded convection (almost certainly not due to wind shear which just blows thunderstorms away.) On its northern side, the hurricane's convection has been noticeably reduced, forcing the hurricane to try to re-organize by developing stronger convection to the southeast, giving the hurricane a stretched appearance. On its western side, the eye is protected by less and less deep convection. The western side's outflow has a most interesting appearance. Although it is broken, one can trace a circular curve from one end of the break to the other. In other words, the circulation remains strong, but convection is increasingly unfavorable along the hurricane's western side. The hurricane might be moving into a more stable environment.

According to upper level sounding data, instability has generally decreased from the coast of the Bahamas to Cape Hatteras during the last 36 hours. The odd building of convection to the southeast suggests that Isabel might be fighting convection in eastern Pennsylvania and Maryland and another cluster off the coast of the Delmarva for moisture. These cells developed from remnant circulation and moisture of Tropical Storm Henri, and may have drained available moisture farther down the Gulf Stream. Isabel's weakening seems to have begun about the time, it entered the axis of the monsoonal moisture plume that is still fueling heavy rain to the west of Philadelphia. Forecast models indicate that instability will increase ahead of Isabel and Isabel may escape the draining moisture plume. If Isabel's current structure escapes too much harm, it could regain much of its strength tomorrow and early Wednesday.

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Sunday, September 14, 2003

Isabel

(1) Isabel is 515 km ENE of the Turks and Caicos Islands with winds of 155 mph (933 mb minimum central pressure). That pressure has come down somewhat in the last twelve hours, although it is slightly higher than the pressure recorded this time yesterday. Despite having an eye of 40 NM diameter, Isabel maintains its strength and should continue at high Category 4 / low Category 5 strength for approximately sixty hours, as it moves into warm water and stays in a low shear environment. After that, Isabel is due for a critical sixty hour period in which it will strike its initial blow against the East Coast. During this period, it will experience somewhat more shear and cooler waters, but if its eye narrows, it could maintain strength. At this point, I think that its large eye may explain how it is maintained its strength for so long, since it provides a very large area for the hurricane to draw energy from the warm water.

(2) and (3) At the moment, two main solutions have been proposed by the models. These solutions are very similar, and their differences are chiefly based on accounting for the strength of the wind field beyond the western continental shelf of the North Atlantic Ocean and the estimated strength of upper level high pressure over the Eastern United States in roughly 96 hours. Both solutions take Isabel off Cape Hatteras by about noon EDT Thursday. At roughly that juncture, there is divergence. The National Hurricane Center favors the southern solution, which takes Isabel along the Outer Banks and the Virginia Capes into the Chesapeake Bay. Landfall (in the sense that the hurricane will have nowhere to go but land after that point) then occurs at the start of Friday morning somewhere near Baltimore, MD (perhaps further south, maybe at Arden on the Severn). The National Hurricane Center does not specify intensity at that particular time, but provided that most of its center remains over Chesapeake Bay (which has been experiencing high water temperatures this summer, if I recall rightly), Isabel could be a middling Category 2 hurricane at landfall. By Friday afternoon, Tropical Depression Isabel will be over a cooler body of water, nanely Lake Ontario.

I favor the northern solution (which depends on a stronger upper high pressure system). After Hatteras, the storm moves towards the Delmarva, making landfall near Exmore or Onancock with winds of 105-110 mph (minimum central pressure 961 mb). This should occur about 10 PM Thursday. After that point, Isabel moves nearly north to south through Delaware and then between Chester and Philadelphia towards the Lehigh Valley. Twelve hours later, it should be not too far south of Albany.

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Saturday, September 13, 2003

Isabel

(1) Isabel has winds of 160 mph (central minimum pressure, 932 mb), after weakening late last night and restrengthening. Its re-forming center is approximately 600 km NE of San Juan, Puerto Rico. I will just note that Isabel has an unusually large eye for a hurricane of its strength. Typically, strong hurricanes have 10-15 NM diameter eyes. Isabel's eye has recently contracted from 35 NM to 30 NM. Basically, this means that Isabel's mass is distributed further away from its center of mass than a typical hurricane, giving it a higher moment of inertia than hurricanes with smaller eyes. Therefore, Isabel requires high amounts of energy to rotate and circulate heat towards its core. It's an inefficient system, and hopefully it will remain inefficient, so that it will weaken faster as it experiences greater wind shear and cooler waters ion the future.

(2) and (3) Isabel will make landfall somewhere on the Delmarva Peninsula (at the moment, most model output suggests that Isabel will skirt the East Coast for 24 hours at least) in 146 hours. Its maximum sustained winds will be 115 mph at that time (minimum central pressure 958 mb).

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Friday, September 12, 2003

A Few Hypotheses from High School

These date to junior year in high school, I think.

1) The energy released by a hurricane after landfall is directly proportionate both to its strength just before landfall and its past history as a system, that is, a Category 3 hurricane that weakened from a Category 5 hurricane will release more energy upon landfall than a Category 3 hurricane that strengthened from a Category 1 hurricane. There may also be some temporal considerations: a hurricane that was stronger longer will release more energy than one that failed faster.

2) As hurricanes make landfall, their surface winds swiftly weaken due to both the loss of heat energy from the water and high friction from land surfaces. Energy dissipated by means of friction with land will produce surface heat, leading to convection and enhanced precipitation.

3) Therefore, hurricanes that have been very strong during their history will be tremendous rainmakers after landfall, no matter what their strength (as measured by wind speed and central pressure) is at the time.

For salient examples, please search for information on Hurricane Donna (1960) and Hurricane Floyd (1999).

Isabel

(1) Isabel was not expected by the NHC to maintain its strength for more than twelve hours. I had more faith in it. Although it may be slightly less organized, it has maintained winds of 160 mph for 24 hours (minimum central pressure of 920 mb, as measured by hurricane hunter aircaft, which are now in range of the system). It is now 565 km NE of the Leeward Islands. At the moment, I am convinced that the NHC forecasts too much weakening during the next 72 hours. Hence, I expect its top winds to be 130 mph in 120 hours.

(2) and (3) The major forecast models have chosen either a northern or southern track. I favor a compromise. Isabel will make landfall as a 110 mph (minimum central pressure of 962 mb) hurricane near Cape May, NJ in 176 hours.

Thursday, September 11, 2003

Isabel

(1) Isabel is now a Category 5 Hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 160 mph (minimum central pressure of 921 mb). The National Hurricane Center believes, on climatological grounds, that Isabel cannot maintain that strength for long. However, the National Hurricane Center has been doubting Isabel's strengthening for three days. Moreover, they note that strengthening of hurricanes at Isabel's strength depends on localized eyewall thermodynamics. Isabel's eyewall is closing. As for the local thermodynamics, I would note the incidence of high temperature events in areas besides the North Atlantic Ocean and the slightly below normal temperatures that have been experienced on the East Coast of the United States, I'd guess that the air and ocean are in need of turbulence and heat redistribution processes. Based on this non-rigorous analysis according to Le Chatelier's principle, Isabel will maintain her strength for longer than the NHC expects. Isabel is currently 800 km ENE of the Leeward Islands.

(2) and (3) Landfall is more doubtful than it was yesterday, but most forecast models handle tropical systems very poorly. Hence, I think today that Isabel will make landfall at Sandy Hook, NJ with winds of 110 mph (minimum central pressure of 964 mb) in 257 hours.

ESA (20030911.1)

Wednesday, September 10, 2003

The Epic Has Just Begun
Yes, El-Hajj Bin Laden, you do certainly have a sense of your purpose in life. Have a piece of hostile advice. An epic, at least to this small man, is a justification of a way of life. In my experience, damage done by attackers who have extinguished their will to live usually does not justify anyone's way of life. Even suicidal Roland, who helped to delay one key jihad, was fighting a rear guard action. He didn't just dive into the fray, shooting arrows wildly. Of course, this is hostile advice. I don't think there's a justification for your particular way of life, but do the world a favor, come up with one and when you do, write a poem about it and stop "this needless effusion of blood."

You know it's been a long day when you compose an apostrophe to Osama.

RANDOM METEOROLOGICAL WORRIES
The Plains have been active with severe thunderstorms et cetera for the last couple of days, but I have been ignoring them.

Hurricane Isabel: First, Fabian rapidly intensified and hit Bermuda with extremely strong winds. Now, Isabel has done the same, but Isabel is not going to go so gently into that good North Atlantic (cheap pun!), as if Fabian really did. Every forecast model I have consulted on the question of Isabel's track either stalls it in the southern branch of the Gulf Stream, that is, 600 miles or so off the coast of Florida or Georgia, or brings it so close to the East Coast with high pressure in control that I start thinking about landfall in roughly seven days. Hence, every day, I promise three things: (1) A discussion of where and how strong Isabel is now, (2) A landfall location and strength and (3) Landfall time.

(1) Isabel has maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (minimum central pressure 942 mb) and is 1100 km NNE of the Leeward Islands.

(2), (3) (Remember that this prediction is made several days in advance, take it with a salt mine)

Isabel will have maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (minimum central pressure 954 mb) when it makes landfall on the coast near Valona, GA in 162 hours.

I will just say that the last time I tried this, I attempted to forecast Hurricane Floyd. I was very surprised to awaken one morning and hear that hurricane warnings had been issued for the coast of New Jersey.

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Wednesday, September 03, 2003

My New Favorite Site

is NOAA's new online library of historical national weather maps. It requires a small plug-in, but the maps are a valuable resource for largescale analysis of historical meteorological situations. Since most of these maps are from the period before satellite pictures, they demonstrate the limits of surface observations and radiosondes in making observations and forecasts. Besides holding the potential for shocking older relatives with the weather on their birthdays, you also can see how the National Weather Service evolved from the bureaucratic quagmire of its early days to the scientifically competent and fairly accountable agency it is today.

Dates to Check:

March 10-15, 1888: The deadly Blizzard of 1888
September 1-10, 1900: Galveston Hurricane
11 July 1913: It really hit 134 F in Death Valley that day?
September 1-8, 1935: Florida Keys Labor Day Hurricane of 1935
New England Hurricane of 1938: 20-23 September

Random Meteorological Worries

Hurricane Fabian: What will its effects on Bermuda be? So far, it is forecast to track not far to the west of Bermuda. The eastern side of a hurricane tends to be the worse side with which to be clipped. Heavy surf followed by 70+ mph winds, rain, and possible storm surge may be in the Dependency's future.

Tropical Depression 12: Might strengthen to a tropical storm and cross northern Florida. The same winds that are steering Fabian away from the East Coast will keep it away from land after it returns to the open water.

So Do You Really Learn for Learning's Sake at Chicago?
I might be mistaken, but some Penn student (a sophomore, I think) posed something like this question to me today in a tone that one might ask, "Do you really know how to defy gravity?" I answered that the reputation of chicago's student body is somewhat overblown, but we do work harder than most college students.

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Tuesday, September 02, 2003

Is This Sex Education?
Reading this article , I was shocked. What schools are offering sex education curricula like this while taking government money for abstinence education? Two years ago, I had a discussion with many of my college friends and realized that I had far more "liberal" sex education than the rest of them. Yet these curricula left a bad taste in my mouth. To wit, if sexual intercourse is sacrosanct or even "special," most of the alternative behaviors cited by the author of the article only can erode stepwise the mystery surrounding the ultimate set of acts. And how can anyone promote abstinence under any conditions while discussing household substitutes for lubricants? I only can conclude that the quarter of Americans who are less conservative on sex education approve of these curricula in their children's schools.

The great problem that surrounds this issue is that almost everyone would agree on moral or prudential grounds that minors should not be engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal sex, but some unknown proportion will do so anyway and need some sort of warning and information about the consequences thereof. O, upon the first it so easy to agree, but in the second, it would not be too overblown to say that the fates of the worlds almost have become woven into its solution.

Now for some commentary:

Statistical studies suggest that maintaining virginity is on the rise, that is, not engaging in vaginal intercourse. Now is as good as any time to mention that I think our current definition of virginity is a grave mistake, founded upon an obsession in many cultures including that of the ancient Near East (indeed as the common lawyers had it, even the slightest penetration sufficed for sexual offenses), upon vaginal penetration and the property relationships that rose and fell on these grounds, possibly because the virginity of a woman can but may not be verifiable physically. This definition has led to all kinds of fascinating moral evasions, including that of "oral sex is not sex." On the opposite side of the spectrum from this definition of virginity is the extreme interpretation of this verse of the Gospel of Matthew, "if anyone look at a woman with a lustful eye, they have committed adultery in their heart." Sex in its most extreme definition becomes any thought or overt act of love and affection which possibly could have penetration as its end. The flaw of this definition chiefly lies on its dependence on potentiality. It smacks of men who imagined that every man kissing a woman longed to have sex with her, because they, themselves, desired her. So how does anyone define sex or virginity? Another possibility is a golden oldie from the Ancient Near East: nakedness, by which they meant genitals. In defining such matters as incest, the Mosaic Code gets to heart of sex and avoids the quagmire and evasions of vaginal penetration. Salon in a review of the recent Mandy Moore movie spoke of the thrill of unbuckling pants. Whatever their purpose, our organs of generation retain a metaphysical significance that transcends culture. The "naked savages" of whom older generations of Europe worked to enlighten generally covered their pudendae in some way, although they might emphasize the area or have less hang-ups about other areas. I only can think of one exception: a British traveler of the 19th century described an Arab chieftain who displayed one of his wives riding a horse while executing a handstand. Of course, she flashed the Englishman, who was duly shocked, but his host was proud that his wife kept her face covered (another odd quirk common in both Greece and the ancient Near East). With such a definition of sex, we might have a fairer discussion of abstinence.

Despite the rise of "virginity", which the Christian Coalition et cetera sees as a sign of victory in der kulturkampf , oral sex is on the rise. A friend of mine once found himself in a pretty pickle when he published a poll on the sexual practices of our high school's student body in the newspaper. The poll's response rate was somewhat limited, so the administration upbraided him for using too small of a sample, but he really was getting the flack for the results. Somewhat responsible for the mess myself but asked to resolve it, I determined that if a poll taken about fifteen years before had the same response rate, oral sex had doubled in the intervening period. The AIDS crisis, among many populations, just has increased concern about disease and not intimacy. Worse yet, the closest thing to the Christian Coalition on my campus seemed to have members who were obsessed with doing anything but what is expressly prohibited with any number of girls.

Sex is becoming a force among younger and younger persons. It begins when kindergarteners spout obscenities rather than scatologies and know what they mean. It continues in sixth grade, as spending time with a girl, or hope of hopes, dancing with a girl suddenly loses its thrill. (It never lost any thrill with me, and I hope it never does.) I suspect that it always happened. The young are adventuresome, but two crazy idiots usually can keep their fumblings quiet. When you hear about it, it has become widespread. The new movie Thirteen directly addresses matters that used to be rare enough to be quiet. In middle school, I used to hear rumors about "loose" high school women, to use a Victorian term and wave away the ugliness of prudery. One would have a crush in high school and hear their male friends try to solicit for them. And then there was the homophobia. I, in retrospect, was a jock. Yet I was a geek, too. My heterosexuality was continually impugned. Fortunately, I was in an environment where nothing really evil could be done to me on this account. Yet I recently learned that I always was harassed in the presence of a homosexual male. I can't imagine how he felt during high school.

In summary, sex education of most types is a complete failure. On one side, it evades sex completely by enveloping it in prohibitions that ignore the realities of what those being educated think they know and believe they want. They set down rules that either defy reason or scream for evasion. On the other hand, sex education that focuses excessively on the condoms and the pursuit of physically good sex evades sex as well. Sex education ought to be a theoretical course rather than a practicum. The culture warns about disease and pregnancy. I hear three condom commercials per hour. Yet few hear reasonable responses to homophobia and the other crudenesses of sexual life. No one hears of love and intercourse without sex.

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